Freakonomics Radio · 2025-10-10 · 55 min · 9,345 words

649. Should Ohio State (and Michigan, and Clemson) Join the N.F.L.?

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This is the second part of a two-part series, and the question we're trying to answer came from a listener's email. James McGuinty is a 69-year-old training consultant who lives in a small town outside of Glasgow, Scotland. He wrote in after hearing an episode of ours called When Is a Superstar Just Another Employee? episode number 557. If you want to look it up, that episode looked into the daily life of the athletes who play in the National Football League, which, if you don't know, is the most profitable and powerful sports league in history.

The episode included data from a survey that the Players Union had done. They were hoping to put pressure on team owners to improve workplace conditions. The people who own NFL teams aren't nearly as exploitive of their labor force as they used to be. Still, the survey showed that some of the team's operations were surprisingly shoddy and that some of the owners were surprisingly cheap.

Anyway, here's what James McGuinty wrote. I was stunned to hear that the average career length for a player was 3.3 years. This is essentially a product of the monopoly system that is the NFL. McGuinty pointed out that in European soccer, players often begin their professional careers at age 17 or 18 and play into their mid 30s. Because of the pyramid system, McGuinty wrote, and by pyramid he means the top professional soccer leagues in each country and the other pro leagues below them.

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