What Turns Sand Into Cells? How Nonliving Matter Becomes Alive

I love the statement, what turns sand into cells? What is the difference between the matter in me and you, which is living? And if we took to us it's probably not a nice sight to picture, but if we put us through some kind of atom grinder or after we died we just were cremated and take those atoms, the same atoms, but they are they're dead. And so what has happened? What has been done to us?

So if life is uh naturally developing all over the universe, what's your answer to Fermi's paradox? Where is everybody? The first answer I'd give you is to say that life is not going to be the same everywhere. The chemistry is going to be very different.

So the signatures for life is not universal in the universe unless you're looking for assembly complexity. We're going to have to find a way to measure that. And right now we're looking for signals that we are anthropomorphizing. For Thermi's paradox, the answer is we just don't know how to recognize life yet because we don't understand what life is. You know that photosynthesis looks like it was evolved at the bottom of the sea in the dark.

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